Sarcoidosis mortality in Sweden: a population-based cohort study

Abstract

We aimed to investigate sarcoidosis mortality in a large, population-based cohort, taking into account disease heterogeneity.Individuals with incident sarcoidosis (n=8207) were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register using International Classification of Disease codes (2003‒2013). In a subset, cases receiving treatment ±3 months from diagnosis were identified from the Prescribed Drug Register. Nonsarcoidosis comparators from the general population were matched to cases 10:1 on birth year, sex and county. Individuals were followed for all-cause death in the Cause of Death Register. Adjusted mortality rates, rate differences and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated, stratifying by age, sex and treatment status.The mortality rate was 11.0 per 1000 person-years in sarcoidosis versus 6.7 in comparators (rate difference 2.7 per 1000 person-years). The HR for death was 1.61 (95% CI 1.47‒1.76), with no large variation by age or sex. For cases not receiving treatment within the first 3 months, the HR was 1.13 (95% CI 0.94‒1.35). The HR was 2.34 (95% CI 1.99‒2.75) for those receiving treatment.Individuals with sarcoidosis are at a higher risk of death compared to the general population. For the majority, the increased risk is small. However, patients whose disease leads to treatment around diagnosis have a two-fold increased risk of death. Future interventions should focus on this vulnerable group.