Symptoms persisting after hospitalisation for COVID-19: 12 months interim results of the CO-FLOW study

Author:

Bek L. MartineORCID,Berentschot Julia C.,Heijenbrok-Kal Majanka H.ORCID,Huijts SusanneORCID,van Genderen Michel E.ORCID,Vlake J. Hans,van Bommel JasperORCID,Aerts Joachim G.J.V.ORCID,Ribbers Gerard M.ORCID,van den Berg-Emons Rita J.G.ORCID,Hellemons Merel E.ORCID

Abstract

IntroductionA large proportion of patients experience a wide range of sequelae after acute COVID-19, especially after severe illness. The long-term health sequelae need to be assessed. Our objective was to longitudinally assess persistence of symptoms and clusters of symptoms up to 12 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19 and to assess determinants of the main persistent symptoms.MethodsIn this multicenter prospective cohort study patients with COVID-19 are followed up for 2 years with measurements at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after hospital discharge. Here, we present interim results regarding persistent symptoms up to 12 months.ResultsWe included 492 patients; mean±sdage was 60.2±10.7 years, 335 (68.1%) were males, median length of hospital stay was 11 (6.0–27.0) days. At 3 months after discharge 97.0% of the patients had at least one persisting symptom, this declined to 95.5% and 92.0% at 6 and 12 months, respectively (p=0.010). Muscle weakness, exertional dyspnoea, fatigue, and memory and concentration problems were the most prevalent symptoms with rates over 50% during follow-up. Over time, muscle weakness, hair loss and exertional dyspnoea decreased significantly (p<0.001), while other symptoms such as fatigue, concentration and memory problems, anosmia and ageusia persisted. Symptoms from the physical and respiratory cluster declined significantly over time, in contrast to the fatigue and cognitive symptom clusters.ConclusionThe majority of patients experienced COVID-19 sequelae up to 12 months after severe infection. Whereas physical and respiratory symptoms showed slow gradual decline, fatigue and cognitive symptoms did not evidently resolve over time.

Funder

ZonMw

Publisher

European Respiratory Society (ERS)

Subject

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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