1. Historians of science have recently developed a number of approaches for understanding the formation of such identities on intellectual, institutional and geographic levels. For example, in her study of the disciplinary identity of chemistry, Nye has carefully outlined six distinct 'elements of identity' for disciplines, the first of which includes the 'historical mythology of heroic origins and heroic episodes.' Mary Jo Nye,From Chemical Philosophy to Theoretical Chemistry: Dynamics of Matter and Dynamics of Disciplines, 1800–1950(Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1993), p. 19.
2. Wöhler's Synthesis of Urea: How Do the Textbooks Report It?
3. This account is drawn from Otto T. Benfey,From Vital Force to Structural Formulas(Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1975, reprint Of 1964 original), pp. 14–16, and the documents cited below.
4. Ueber künstliche Bildung des Harnstoffs