Distribution of Meloidogyne incognita Species in Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region

Abstract

Samples were taken in order to study the distribution of Meloidogyne incognitain different organs (root and lower part of the stem) of potato plants in the farms of Gazakh-Tovuz economic region. During the examination of the samples by the Berman method, it was determined that the infection of potato with M. incognita was 46.7% in Gadabey district and 31.4% in Gazakh district. High intensity of infection was recorded in Shamkir (2-30 nematodes), Gadabey (2-29 nematodes), Tovuz (2-25 nematodes), and relatively low intensity in Gazakh (3-15 nematodes), Aghstafa (2-17 nematodes) regions. A total of 304 nematodes were found in the samples taken from the researched areas. The article provides information about the symptoms of the disease caused by the nematode M. incognita in plants, and the life cycle is reflected in a picture. Taking into account the serious economic damage caused by M. incognita species to the farms, recommendations were given regarding appropriate measures to combat its spread. M. incognita causes severe changes in the physiology, morphology and growth of the potato plant causing leaf wilting. The disease (nematodosis) occurring in the potato plant causes various changes in the above-ground and underground parts of the plant. The effect of M. incognitaon the above-ground parts of the plant is manifested by symptoms such as retardation of plant development, yellowing of leaves, chlorosis of leaves, complete destruction of plants and poor growth of shoots. The symptoms of the underground part of the plant are manifested in the form of deformation of the roots, knotted roots, the formation of tumors and bumps. The most characteristic symptom of M. incognita when the infestation is high is the formation of nodules of different sizes (15 mm) on the primary and secondary roots.