Features of the Microgravity Impact on the Person’s Physiological and Psychological State

Abstract

The article discusses the main physiological and psychological changes in the human body in conditions of weightlessness, which determine the specifics of organising ergonomic area at the space station. Neurological and cognitive impairments occur due to the lack of gravity, disturbances in human sense functioning, fluid redistribution in the body, musculoskeletal deformity. In conditions of weightlessness, the human body in a relaxed state has a certain neutral position, different from the body posture under terrestrial gravitational conditions. This established fact contributes to a more correct design and construction of equipment and tools for work in outer space. During long-term space missions, various psychological difficulties also arise among the crew, which undoubtedly affect the astronauts’ health, as well as the space mission effectiveness. Therefore, studying the ergonomics specifics in weightlessness is necessary to ensure the astronauts’ safety and to increase the work efficiency in harsh, remote and physiologically difficult conditions.