Affiliation:
1. Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
2. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are the most promising and most intensively replenished type of bioactive pharmaceuticals. Currently, there are over 100 different mAbs approved by the FDA and other regulating agencies for treatment of oncological, infectious, systemic, autoimmune and other diseases. Design of antibodies neutralizing pathogens of socially significant infections, such as HIV, hepatitis viruses, SARS-CoV-2, is a separate direction. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has shown how urgent it is to have a technological platform enabling production of fully human antibodies. The development of recombinant DNA technology and antibody phage display enabled compilation of libraries of antigen-binding fragments and screening with target antigens. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of phage display, including use of single-domain antibody technology based on the heavy chain variable domain. We describe the state-of-the-art (and practical results of its application) technology enabling production of human antibodies by sorting and sequencing the genome of individual memory B cells, using monoclonal virus-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 as an example. The prospects of further development of the recombinant human antibody production technology are discussed; in particular, we consider creation of sequences of variable fragments of antibodies with the help of artificial intelligence.
Publisher
Federal Medical Biological Agency
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Condensed Matter Physics,Biochemistry,General Chemistry,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Biophysics,Literature and Literary Theory,Visual Arts and Performing Arts,History,Language and Linguistics,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,Computer Science Applications,Artificial Intelligence,Statistics and Probability,Control and Systems Engineering,Software,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,Mechanical Engineering,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Health Policy,Psychiatry and Mental health,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Public Administration