Impact of Microplastics on Flora and Fauna

Abstract

Microplastics are the compound class of greatly altered, synthetic particulates, which pollute wide-ranging types of environments. Being an impending source of concern owing to wide variability in their size range makes them potentially dangerous at all trophic levels. Numerous studies have studied the harmful effects of microplastics on the biota. The present study aims to compile information about the effect of microplastics on various species belonging to different taxonomic groups as reported from different parts of the world based on which, a general overview has been generated which clearly emphasizes that substantial efforts are required to deeply investigate the abundance, distribution and effects of microplastics on the flora and fauna of both terrestrial as well as aquatic ecosystems. However, the influence of microplastic contamination on human health and plants has received less intention. The knowledge derived from various studies clearly indicates that in order to safeguard our environment from the deteriorating effects of microplastics, we need to thoroughly control the amount of plastic production. Moreover, stress should be laid to make more use of bio-degradable products so as to minimize the demand for these plastic materials. Also, there is a dire need to aware the masses about the harmful effects of microplastics and the adoption of such policies at the global level which formulate a strong action plan for solid waste management so as to alleviate microplastic pollution, which otherwise could threaten ecological balance as well as harm the health and survival of various species.