Fluorescence Indicator Displacement Assays (FIDAs)

Abstract

Owing to the ease in their usage and versatility, fluorescent chemosensors have attracted the remarkable attention of researchers across the globe. In fact, the dawn of supramolecular chemistry has begun a new journey in the design, construction, and development of diverse fluorescent chemosensors. Fluorescent indicator displacement assays (F-IDAs) in principle utilize fluorescent indicators and emission phenomenon for the construction of various IDA-based Turn-ON/OFF fluorescent sensors. Particularly, F-IDAs have been found valuable in pattern-based recognition, where slightly different multiple sensors are constructed from diverse receptors simply by swapping fluorescent indicators in and out of receptors or even varying the concentration ratio. These F-IDAs offer huge potential to develop proficient optical sensors from numerous supramolecular receptors and imply the effective molecular recognition event via competitive assay of receptors with an indicator and an analyte. Besides conceptual and mechanistic details, authors have ensured the significance of FIDAs in the recognition of biologically and environmentally essential cationic, anionic, and neutral analytes through various examples.