Chromosome 22

Abstract

When the collection of human Chromosome 22 was first suggested in 1999, it became the most extended, non-stop stretch of DNA ever decoded and assembled. Chromosome 22 became the first of the 23 human chromosomes to decode due to its minimal length and affiliation with numerous diseases. Chromosome 22 involves several genes that contribute to cancer genetics in one way or the other. The contribution of chromosome 22 in abnormalities is evident through somatic translocations, germline and somatic, and in certain cases, overexpression of genes. One famous example is the Philadelphia translocation, particularly in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Various gene contributions about types of cancer such as Acute Myeloid Leukemia, colorectal, lung, breast cancer and many more have been reported in studies related to chromosome 22. This chapter takes a run-through of important targeted studies of a gene that facilitates itself as a part of cancer genetics.