Affiliation:
1. Nano & Energy Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, 632115, India
2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea
Abstract
Parmelia that belongs to the Parmeliaceae Family is a foliose lichen combined with one or
two groups of fungi in Phylum Ascomycota or Basidiomycota and algae, which might be green algae
or blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). It is generally called “Stone Flower,” “Charila,” “Pattharphool,”
or “Shilaaapushpa” in India. Lichen can be generally found growing on walls, old trees and spread
largely across India, especially in the mountain area. It is a source of edible organisms for people residing
in some regions of Nepal and it is also cultivated in hillsides of Kashmir. It has been found that lichen
contains a lot of distinctive chemical compounds such as evernic acid, lecanoric acid, lobaric acid,
norstictic acid, physodic acid, and salazinic acid. Some species of this lichen are recommended traditionally
for controlling diseases such as boils, bronchitis, inflammations, excessive salivation, toothache,
vomiting, etc. It has also applied as an indicator for biomonitoring, astringent, carminative, demulcent,
bitter, resolvent, emollient, laxative, sporofic, sedative, diuretic and considered for treating
sores, bronchitis, excessive salivation, vomiting, tooth-ache, boils and inflammations. It has been utilized
for preparing traditional food and acts as a bioindicator for air pollution and radiation. It shows
antibacterial, antioxidant, antimycobacterial and antifungal activities, including haemolytic, anaesthetic,
spasmolytic and antispasmodic and antitumour activities. It also has several unique phytoconstituents
that could be in charge of different therapeutic activities, but the majority of them are still unexplored.
The review mainly focuses on various facets, such as common names, synonyms, traditional
uses, botanical descriptions, and pharmacological activities of seven species of Parmelia.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Biotechnology
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