A Clustering Analysis of Lebanese Adaptive Driving Behaviors in Response to Road Complexity

Abstract

Aims This study aims to investigate adaptive driving behaviors in response to road complexity in Lebanon, emphasizing how multifaceted factors influence these adaptations. Background Lebanon faces major road safety challenges due to its deteriorating infrastructure and diverse socio-economic conditions. Addressing these issues, the research examines the interaction between infrastructure, vehicle conditions, and road user adaptation, with the objective of informing more effective safety strategies. Objective This study aimsto explore adaptive driving behaviors among Lebanese drivers across different environmental complexities and the influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on these behaviors. Methods Through a comprehensive survey among a representative sample, drivers were segmented into three clusters using the K-Prototypes algorithm to assess self-reported driving speeds, the impact of road elements on behavior, and the role of various factors on driving patterns. Results The Clustering analysis identified three distinct groups, each exhibiting unique adaptive driving behaviors: Cluster 1 consists of mature, conservative drivers; Cluster 2 includes predominantly young, cautious female drivers; and Cluster 3 comprises younger male drivers with riskier behaviors. These findings illustrate significant behavioral variations and highlight the influence of demographic profiles on driving behavior. Conclusion The research underscores the necessity of a nuanced road safety strategy that acknowledges the diverse adaptive behaviors of Lebanese drivers It recommends specific policy adjustments, such as differentiated speed limits and targeted educational programs, to cater to the distinct needs of each driver cluster. Further research is suggested to continuously refine and customize road safety measures, accommodating the complex driving environment in Lebanon.