Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Abstract
Background::
Determination of environmental pollutants is important due to their harmful
effects on the health of living organisms. However, direct measurement of many of these pollutants
is not possible due to their low concentrations, which necessitates the need for sample preparation
methods. One of the rapid and simple sample preparation methods is the Air-Agitated Liquid-Liquid
Microextraction (AALLME) method, which requires toxic organic solvents that can lead to environmental
pollution. Therefore, finding green solvents like Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) to replace
them can be investigated.
Methods::
A novel Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) was synthesized from a combination of choline
chloride and 2-phenylethanol with a molar ratio of 1:4, and it was examined using FT-IR analysis.
This solvent was used in an AALLME method for measuring copper and cadmium heavy metal ions
in complex real samples with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS).
Results::
The influential parameters of this method, such as solution pH (5.4), extraction cycles (12),
and extraction solvent volume (440 μL), were optimized utilizing central composite design (CCD).
Underneath the optimized circumstances, the detection limits for Cu2+ and Cd2+ were 0.14 and 0.09
ng mL-1, and the linear dynamic range was 0.47-50.0 and 0.32-22.5 ng mL-1, respectively. The preconcentration
factors for these cations were 139.7 and 133.4, respectively.
Conclusion::
Combining this novel green solvent and rapid sample preparation method for the preconcentration
and determination of the studied heavy metal ions has shown promising results in
terms of enrichment factors and detection limit values.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.