A Short Appraisal on Nano-biosensors for Epigenetic Changes Detection: A Transformative Innovation

Abstract

Abstract: This mini-review article focuses on the recent advancements in nano-biosensors for the detection of epigenetic changes, a burgeoning field at the intersection of nanotechnology and cancer diagnostics. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA expression, play a crucial role in cancer progression and drug resistance. The advent of nano-biosensors has introduced highly sensitive and specific methods for detecting these changes, surpassing the capabilities of traditional diagnostic tools. This article delves into various nano-biosensors, such as gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide sensors, highlighting their unique properties and applications in detecting epigenetic markers. It emphasizes the significance of early and accurate detection of epigenetic alterations in cancer, which opens new pathways for early diagnosis, monitoring treatment efficacy, and developing personalized therapeutic strategies. The review also addresses the technical challenges and limitations of current nano-biosensor technologies, including issues related to sensitivity, specificity, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, it explores the ethical and safety considerations in the clinical application of these nanotechnologies. The discussion extends to the potential future developments in this field, emphasizing interdisciplinary research and the integration of artificial intelligence for data analysis. This comprehensive overview of nano-biosensors for epigenetic change detection underscores their transformative potential in cancer research, offering insights into their current state, challenges, and future prospects in advancing personalized cancer care.