Ginger Extract-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: Investigating their Impact on Lipid Metabolism and Obesity in a Rat Model through In vitro and In vivo Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity has become a pressing global health crisis, reaching alarming proportions and bearing significant consequences for public health on a global scale. Aim: In this research, chitosan nanoparticles were employed to encapsulate ginger extract, and the impact of this formulation on lipid metabolism and obesity was investigated using a rat model. Methods: In vitro experiments, encompassing assessments of cell viability, microstructure, anti-inflammatory activity, and release dynamics, were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the nanoformulation. The study extended to examining the potential anti-obesity efficacy of the developed nanoformulation in rats induced with obesity through a high-fat diet. Results: In vitro findings affirmed the safety of the carriers and revealed their robust anti-inflammatory properties. The average particle size for ginger-loaded and ginger-free chitosan nanoparticles was measured to be 458.92 ± 139.35 nm and 466.29 ± 142.71 nm, respectively. The in vivo investigation demonstrated the dose-dependent effects of ginger extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, manifesting in a reduction of obesity and improvement in liver function. Conclusion: These promising results suggest that the developed nanoformulation could be considered a viable therapeutic option for individuals struggling with obesity.