Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur Maharashtra 416113, India
Abstract
Background:
The lipid-drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs), amongst other lipidbased
nanoparticles, are the most accepted ones for the oral delivery of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
drugs with poor bioavailability. Besides, the LDC NPs show altered physicochemical properties
of the drug and have the potential applications in targeting the drug to a specific organ.
Objective:
To synthesize hydrophilic Valacyclovir (VACV)-stearic acid (SA) and lipophilic Acyclovir
(ACV)-stearic acid conjugates (VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC), and develop their nanoparticles
(VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs) for improved intestinal permeability.
Methods:
Both VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC were synthesized and confirmed using FTIR, NMR, and
DSC techniques and characterized for assay. The lipid drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs) were
prepared using cold high-pressure homogenization technique and characterized for drug content,
mean particle size, zeta potential, ex vivo gut permeability using rat gut sac model, and Caco-2 cell
permeability.
Results:
The FTIR, NMR, and DSC results confirmed the successful synthesis of LDCs. The assay
of VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC was found to be 51.48±5.6% and 41.2±6.2%, respectively. The
VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs showed %EE of 99.10±6.71% and 86.84±5.32%, the mean
particle size of 338.7±8nm and 251.3±7nm and zeta potential of -10.8±2.31mV and -11.2±3.52mV
respectively. About 91±5.2% of VACV and 84±6.5% of ACV were found permeated across the rat
intestine after 480 minutes from their respective NPs. Furthermore, VACV-LDC-NPs and ACVLDC-
NPs displayed a significantly higher permeability coefficient (61.5×10-6 and 59.8×10-6 cm/s,
respectively) than their plain solutions.
Conclusion:
The obtained remarkable permeability characteristics indicate developed LDC NPs are
the potential, promising and translational approaches for effective oral delivery of poorly bioavailable
hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Furthermore, this approach may result in moderately to
significantly enhanced oral bioavailability of hydrophilic drugs as the conjugation results in amphiphilic
molecules, which are further absorbed through different mechanisms across the intestinal
mucosa (mainly through passive diffusion mechanism).
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Biomedical Engineering,Medicine (miscellaneous),Bioengineering,Biotechnology
Cited by
2 articles.
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