Phyto-fabrication of Iron Nanoparticles: Characterization and Antibacterial Capacity

Abstract

Introduction: Fabrication of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) has recently gained a great concern for their varied applications in remediation technologies of the environment. Objective: The current study aimed to develop a green technology approach to fabricate FeNPs by using extracts from two different plant sources, Azadirachta indica leaf and Calligonum comosum root. Methods: A mixture of FeCl2 and FeCl3 was used to react with the plant extracts which are considered as reducing and stabilizing agents for the generation of FeNPs in one step. Spectroscopy and microscopy techniques were used for the characterization of the FeNPs. Results: Immediately after mixing the iron solution and the plant extracts, the color of the solution changed to dark brown indicating conversion of Fe ions to FeNPs. This fabrication of FeNPs was confirmed by Zetasizer, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. FeNPs fabricated by C. comosum were smaller than those fabricated by A. indica. For both plant sources, FeNPs fabricated using the aqueous extract were smaller than those fabricated with the ethanolic extract. Furthermore, antibacterial ability against two bacterial species was demonstrated. Conclusion: The current results indicated that, at room temperature plant extracts fabricated Fe ion to Fe nanoparticles, suggesting its probable usage for large scale production as well as its suitability against bacteria. It could also be recommended for antibiotic resistant bacteria.