Affiliation:
1. Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology (NIET), Greater Noida, India
2. Unit of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Puducherry-605006, India
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a distinguishing feature of many age related disorders and other vector
borne neuroinflammatory diseases. There are a number of factors that can modulate the pathology of
these disorders. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are primarily involved in the maintenance of
normal brain homeostasis by eliminating toxic peptides and compounds from the brain. Also, ABC transporters
protect the brain from the unwanted effects of endogenous and exogenous toxins that can enter
the brain parenchyma. Therefore, these transporters have the ability to determine the pathological outcomes
of several neurological disorders. For instance, ABC transporters like P-glycoprotein (ABCB1),
and BCRP (ABCG2) have been reported to facilitate the clearance of peptides such as amyloid-β (Aβ)
that accumulate in the brain during Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Other members such as
ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCC8, ABCC9, ABCG1 and ABCG4 also have been reported to be involved in the
progression of various brain disorders such as HIV-associated dementia, Multiple sclerosis (MS),
Ischemic stroke, Japanese encephalitis (JE) and Epilepsy. However, these defective transporters can be
targeted by numerous botanical compounds such as Verapamil, Berberine and Fascalpsyn as a therapeutic
target to treat these neurological outcomes. These compounds are already reported to modulate ABC
transporter activity in the CNS. Nonetheless, the exact mechanisms involving the ABC transporters role
in normal brain functioning, their role in neuronal dysfunction and how these botanical compounds ensure
and facilitate their therapeutic action in association with defective transporters still remain elusive.
This review therefore, summarizes the role of ABC transporters in neurological disorders, with a special
emphasis on its role in AD brains. The prospect of using botanical/natural compounds as modulators of
ABC transporters in neurological disorders is discussed in the latter half of the article.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Drug Discovery,General Medicine
Cited by
21 articles.
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