A Review on Aptamers Selection and Application in Heart Diseases Diagnosis

Abstract

Abstract: Biomarkers detection and quantification in biological fluids play a key role in the screen-ing, diagnosing and treating several diseases. Recently, a large number of aptamers have been selected and applied for the sensing of different biomarkers. Combined with different transducers, aptamers provide simple and rapid tools that allow highly sensitive and selective detection. Cardiol-ogy requires an accurate assessment of cardiac biomarkers for a complete diagnosis of cardiovascu-lar diseases. The analysis is generally performed by immunoassays using antibodies as biorecogni-tion elements. This review paper focuses on using aptamers as a promising alternative for antibodies in cardiac biomarkers biosensing. First, the different aptamers specific to the most important cardiac biomarkers are Troponin I, the peptide of B-type natriuretic peptide and myoglobin. Then, in the second part, we overview the electrochemical aptasensors principle and characteristics reported in the literature in the last five years.