Lignin to Value-added Chemical Synthesis

Abstract

Background: There is an increasing demand for innovation in petroleum system replacements. Towards this aim, lignocellulosic biomass is suggested as a possible sustainable source for the manufacturing of fuels and chemical production. This paper aims to investigate different kinds of β-O-4 lignin model compounds for the production of value-added chemicals in the presence of ionic liquids. Especially, cheap β-O-4 lignin model guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin) is introduced to produce valuable chemicals and novel products. Methods: The research related to chemical depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass activity is reviewed and an account of different methods such as thermal and microwave for the last 10 years is presented. So, this work provides an excellent background for academic research and it gives an efficient strategy for the manufacturing of novel value-added chemicals at an industrial scale. Results: The review concludes that ionic liquid microwave-assisted synthesis is a power-saving, cost-efficient, fast reaction, and clean way with high selectively and purity for the production of high-value chemicals rather than conventional heating. Guaiacol and catechol are some of these valuable chemicals produced from β-O-4 lignin model compounds with high demands and large industrial scale prospects. Conclusion: The β-O-4 lignin model compounds such as guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin) are a good platform for developing food materials, perfumery, biorefinery, and pharmaceutical industry by ionic liquids-assisted lignin depolymerization method.