Bee Venom Toxic Effect on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells and Caenorhabditis Elegans

Author:

Barros Yáskara Veruska Ribeiro1,de Andrade Amanda Onduras2,da Silva Larissa Pereira Dantas3,Pedroza Lucas Aleixo Leal2,Bezerra Iverson Conrado2,Cavalcanti Iago Dillion Lima23,de Britto Lira Nogueira Mariane Cajuba24,Mousinho Kristiana Cerqueira5,Antoniolli Angelo Roberto6,Alves Luiz Carlos237,de Lima Filho José Luiz238,Moura Alexandre Varão9,Rosini Silva Álex Aparecido9,de Melo Porcari Andréia9,Gubert Priscila210ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Health Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil

2. Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

3. Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

4. Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil

5. CESMAC University Center, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil

6. Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

7. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Recife, Brazil.cr

8. Postgraduate Program in Pure and Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Western of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil

9. MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo 12916-900, Brazil

10. Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Bee venom has therapeutics and pharmacological properties. Further toxicological studies on animal models are necessary due to the severe allergic reactions caused by this product. Method: Here, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo toxicity model, while breast cancer cells were used to evaluate the pharmacological benefits. The bee venom utilized in this research was collected from Apis mellifera species found in Northeast Brazil. The cytotoxicity caused by bee venom was measured by MTT assay on MDA-MB-231 and J774 A.1 cells during 24 - 72 hours of exposure. C. elegans at the L4 larval stage were exposed for three hours to M9 buffer or bee venom. Survival, behavioral parameters, reproduction, DAF-16 transcription factor translocation, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and metabolomics were analyzed. Bee venom suppressed the growth of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells and exhibited cytotoxic effects on macrophages. Also, decreased C. elegans survival impacted its behaviors by decreasing C. elegans feeding behavior, movement, and reproduction. Results: Bee venom did not increase the expression of SOD-3, but it enhanced DAF-16 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. C. elegans metabolites differed after bee venom exposure, primarily related to aminoacyl- tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and sphingolipid and purine metabolic pathways. Our findings indicate that exposure to bee venom resulted in harmful effects on the cells and animal models examined. Conclusion: Thus, due to its potential toxic effect and induction of allergic reactions, using bee venom as a therapeutic approach has been limited. The development of controlled-release drug strategies to improve this natural product's efficacy and safety should be intensified.

Funder

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

National Institute of Science and Technology on Molecular Science

NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

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