Oral Hygiene Instruction – How it Affects the Caries Experience, Oral Hygiene Status, and sCD14 Levels?

Abstract

Background: Caries experience, oral hygiene status, and salivary sCD14 level are three essential factors to analyse individual dental caries development risk. Therefore, regular and effective oral hygiene instruction (OHI) is essential for dental caries prevention. Objective: This study aims to analyse the differences in caries experience, oral hygiene status, and sCD14 levels before and after OHI. Methods: An observational study with intervention before and after oral hygiene instruction was conducted on 40 samples of each group taken with an accidental sampling method. The sample was calculated using the sample size formula to determine the difference between two paired means; confidence level 95%; power test 90%. The OHI materials include microbial aspects, plaque control methods and instruments, and directives for visiting the dentist. Caries' experience was obtained using DMF-T index; oral hygiene status using simplified oral hygiene instruction (OHI-S); sCD14 levels obtained from unstimulated saliva using an ELISA kit. Data analysis used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Kolmogorov normality test showed that the caries experience data were normally distributed, while oral hygiene status and sCD14 were not. The paired-t difference test result for caries experience cannot be determined because the data showed a similar value. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test result for oral hygiene status showed no significant difference, while the sCD14 showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Oral hygiene instruction showed a similar value of caries experience before and after oral hygiene, and also no difference was found in oral hygiene status; however, the sCD14 levels showed a difference after oral hygiene instruction.