Affiliation:
1. Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, U.P, 201306, India
Abstract
:
Colorectal cancer affects 1 in 25 females and 1 in 24 males, making it the third
most frequent cancer with over 6,08,030 deaths worldwide, despite advancements in detection
and treatments, including surgery, chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy, and immune therapeutics.
Novel potential agents have increased survival in acute and chronic disease conditions, with a
higher risk of side effects and cost. However, metastatic disease has an insignificant long-term
diagnosis, and significant challenges remain due to last-stage diagnosis and treatment failure.
Early detection, survival, and treatment efficacy are all improved by biomarkers. The advancement
of cancer biomarkers' molecular pathology and genomics during the last three decades
has improved therapy. Clinically useful prognostic biomarkers assist clinical judgment,
for example, by predicting the success of EGFR-inhibiting antibodies in the presence of
KRAS gene mutations. Few biomarkers are currently used in clinical settings, so further research
is still needed. Nanocarriers, with materials like Carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles,
provide targeted CRC drug delivery and diagnostics. Light-responsive drugs with gold
and silica nanoparticles effectively target and destroy CRC cells. We evaluate the potential use
of the long non-coding RNA (non-coding RNA) oncogene plasmacytoma variant translocation
1 (PVT1) as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarker, along with the latest nanotech
breakthroughs in CRC diagnosis and treatment.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.