Affiliation:
1. Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur,
603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Abstract:
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is based on the participation and combination of different biomaterials,
cells, and bioactive molecules to generate biosynthetic grafts for bone regeneration. Electrospinning
has been used to fabricate fibrous scaffolds, which provide nanoscale architecture comprising
interconnecting pores, resembling the natural hierarchy of tissues and enabling the formation of artificial
functional tissues. Electrospun fibers for BTE applications have been mostly produced from polymers
(chitosan, alginate, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid) and bioceramics (hydroxyapatite). Stem cells are
among the most prolific cell types employed in regenerative medicine owing to their self-renewal and
differentiation capacity. Most importantly, bioactive molecules, such as synthetic drugs, growth factors,
and phytocompounds, are consistently used to regulate cell behavior inducing differentiation towards the
osteoblast lineage. An expanding body of literature has provided evidence that these electrospun fibers
loaded with bioactive molecules support the differentiation of stem cells towards osteoblasts. Thus, this
review briefly describes the current development of polymers and bioceramic-based electrospun fibers
and the influence of bioactive molecules in these electrospun fibers on bone tissue regeneration.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
General Medicine,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
4 articles.
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