The Subthalamic Nucleus: A Hub for Sensory Control via Short Three- Lateral Loop Connections with the Brainstem?

Author:

Coizet Veronique1,Al Tannir Racha1,Pautrat Arnaud1,Baufreton Jérôme2,Overton Paul G.34

Affiliation:

1. Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, 38000 Grenoble, France

2. Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France

3. Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

4. Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Bâtiment E.J. Safra - Chemin Fortuné Ferrini - 38700 La Tronche, France

Abstract

Abstract: The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is classically subdivided into sensori-motor, associative and limbic regions, which is consistent with the involvement of this structure in not only motor control, but also in cognitive and emotional tasks. However, the function of the sensory inputs to the STN’s sensori-motor territory is comparatively less well explored, although sensory responses have been reported in this structure. There is still a paucity of information regarding the characteristics of that subdivision and its potential functional role in the basal ganglia processing and more widely in associated networks. In this perspective paper, we summarize the type of sensory stimuli that have been reported to activate the STN, and describe the complex sensory properties of the STN and its anatomical link to a sensory network involving the brainstem, characterized in our recent work. Analyzing the sensory input to the STN led us to suggest the existence of previously unreported three-lateral subcortical loops between the basal ganglia and the brainstem which do not involve the cortex. Anatomically, these loops closely link the STN, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and various structures from the brainstem such as the superior colliculus and the parabrachial nucleus. We also discuss the potential role of the STN in the control of sensory activity in the brainstem and its possible contribution to favoring sensory habituation or sensitization over brainstem structures to optimize the best selection of action at a given time.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Psychiatry and Mental health,Neurology (clinical),Neurology,Pharmacology,General Medicine

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