Symptoms, Transmission, Prevention and Treatment of Pandemic Corona Virus: A Review

Abstract

Coronaviruses belong to the largest group of viruses that elicit acute respiratory, enteric and systemic infections in an extensive range of hosts. A few coronaviruses from animals can progress into a new human coronavirus that can spread from person to person. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially termed the disease as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 is a newly emerging viral disease that has an effect on the lower respiratory tract and shows as pneumonia. Despite laborious efforts for worldwide lockdown and quarantine, the occurrence of COVID-19 continues to increase. Proper and well-designed strategies are needed to reduce social and economic consequences arisen due to this pandemic disease. Presently, there is no effective specific vaccine and anti-viral drug supported by great-level confirmation, but dexamethasone is approved in the UK for treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients (patients on ventilators and patients requiring only oxygen) on June 16, 2020. Further research is required to clarify the factors that affect virus pathogenesis and lethal infections.