Affiliation:
1. Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
2. Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad,
Prayagraj, 211002, India
3. Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
4. Faculty
of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Abstract:
The production of nanoparticles (NPs) from chemical and physical synthesis has ended due to the involvement
of toxic byproducts and harsh analytical conditions. Innovation and research in nanoparticle synthesis
are derived from biomaterials that have gained attention due to their novel features, such as ease of synthesis,
low-cost, eco-friendly approach, and high water solubility. Nanoparticles obtained through macrofungi involve
several mushroom species, i.e., Pleurotus spp., Ganoderma spp., Lentinus spp., and Agaricus bisporus. It
is well-known that macrofungi possess high nutritional, antimicrobial, anti-cancerous, and immune-modulatory
properties. Nanoparticle synthesis via medicinal and edible mushrooms is a striking research field, as macrofungi
act as an eco-friendly biofilm that secretes essential enzymes to reduce metal ions. The mushroom-isolated
nanoparticles exhibit longer shelf life, higher stability, and increased biological activities. The synthesis mechanisms
are still unknown; evidence suggests that fungal flavones and reductases have a significant role. Several
macrofungi have been utilized for metal synthesis (such as Ag, Au, Pt, Fe) and non-metal nanoparticles (Cd,
Se, etc.). These nanoparticles have found significant applications in advancing industrial and bio-medical ventures.
A complete understanding of the synthesis mechanism will help optimize the synthesis protocols and control
the shape and size of nanoparticles. This review highlights various aspects of NP production via mushrooms,
including its synthesis from mycelium and the fruiting body of macrofungi. Also, we discuss the applications
of different technologies in NP high-scale production via mushrooms.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology
Reference58 articles.
1. Ferreira I.C.F.R.; Vaz J.A.; Vasconcelos M.H.; Martins A.; Compounds from wild mushrooms with antitumor potential. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2010,10(5),424-436
2. Fierascu I.; Fierascu I.C.; Brazdis R.I.; Baroi A.M.; Fistos T.; Fierascu R.C.; Phytosynthesized metallic nanoparticles-between nano- medicine and toxicology. A brief review of 2019′s findings. Materials 2020,13(3),574
3. Burdulis D.; Sarkinas A.; Jasutiené I.; Stackevicené E.; Nikolajevas L.; Janulis V.; Comparative study of anthocyanin composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruits. Acta Pol Pharm 2009,66(4),399-408
4. Ferlemi A.V.; Lamari F.; Berry leaves: An alternative source of bioactive natural products of nutritional and medicinal value. Antioxidants 2016,5(2),17
5. Ashour A.A.; Raafat D.; El-Gowelli H.M.; El-Kamel A.H.; Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cranberry powder aqueous extract: Characterization and antimicrobial properties. Int J Nanomedicine 2015,10,7207-7221