Affiliation:
1. Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Symphony Road, 7535 Bellville, South Africa
Abstract
Every year, 10 million people are affected by tuberculosis (TB). Despite being a preventable and curable
disease, 1.5 million people die from TB each year, making it the world’s top infectious disease. Many of the
frontline antibiotics cause painful and disagreeable side effects. To mitigate the side effects from the use of
chemically synthesized or clinical anti-tubercular drugs, there are many research studies focussed on natural
products as a source of potential anti-tuberculosis drugs. Among different phytoconstituents, several classes of
diterpenoids exert significant antimicrobial effects. This review explores diterpenoids as potential anti-tubercular
drugs from natural sources. A total of 204 diterpenoids isolated from medicinal plants and marine species are
discussed that inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The literature from 1994-2018 is reviewed, and
158 diterpenoids from medicinal plants, as well as 40 diterpenoids from marines, are alluded to have antituberculosis
properties. The antitubercular activities discussed in the review indicate that the type of diterpenoids,
the Mtb strains, substituents attached to diterpenoids and their position in the diterpenoids general skeleton can
change the compounds antimycobacterial inhibitory effects.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology
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