Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Tumor: Current Clinical Status

Author:

Zhang Yuhui1ORCID,Liu Zhuoming2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

2. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses, as novel biological anti-tumor agents, provide anti-tumor therapeutic effects by different mechanisms including directly selective tumor cell lysis and secondary systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Some wide-type and genetically engineered oncolytic viruses have been applied in clinical trials. Among them, T-Vec has a significant therapeutic effect on melanoma patients and received the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the first oncolytic virus to treat cancer in the US. However, the mechanisms of virus interaction with tumor and immune systems have not been clearly elucidated and there are still no “gold standards” for instructions of virotherapy in clinical trials. This Review collected the recent clinical trials data from 2005 to summarize the basic oncolytic viruses biology, describe the application in recent clinical trials, and discuss the challenges in the application of oncolytic viruses in clinical trials.

Funder

Shanghai Municipal committee of Science and Technology

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmacology

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