Oligohydramnios and Intrauterine Premature Closure of Ductus Arteriosus Associated with the Use of NSAIDs During Pregnancy – An Overview of Clinical Evidence

Abstract

Background: Pregnant women may experience low back pain and other pain symptoms, fever, and inflammatory conditions that may harm the fetus and mother if left untreated. The most common uses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the treatment of inflammation, pain and pyrexia. However, after 20-30 weeks of gestation, using NSAIDs during pregnancy may cause oligohydramnios and premature ductus arteriosus closure, which could harm the developing fetus. Objective: The purpose of this review article is to critically examine the clinical evidence that is currently available for oligohydramnios and premature ductus arteriosus closure linked to NSAIDs. Methods: Online databases such as Medline/Pubmed/PMC, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and reference lists were searched to identify articles which dealt with NSAIDs-associated oligohydramnios and premature closure of ductus arteriosus. Results: Numerous regulatory agencies released warnings about oligohydramnios and premature closure of ductus arteriosus linked to NSAIDs. Furthermore, a number of case reports, case series, and some observational studies have also been published about the possibility of oligohydramnios and premature closure of ductus arteriosus linked to NSAIDs use. Conclusion: Women who are pregnant for 20 weeks or more should refrain from self-medicating with NSAIDs without consulting a pharmacist or a physician. The use of NSAIDs during pregnancy should carefully be considered due to potential risks to the mother and developing fetus, especially after 20-30 weeks of gestation. To guarantee the best possible health for the expectant mother and the unborn child, healthcare professionals should weigh the benefits and risks and look into alternate options. Pregnant women may opt for acetaminophen (paracetamol) to relieve pain and fever during pregnancy. Pregnant women should seek medical attention if there is persisting pain for more than three days.