Current Advances and Applications of Diagnostic Microfluidic Chip: A Review

Abstract

Background: As a developed technology, microfluidics now offers a great toolkit for handling and manipulating suspended samples, fluid samples, and particles. A regular chip is different from a microfluidic chip. A microfluidic chip is made of a series of grooves or microchannels carved on various materials. This arrangement of microchannels contained within the microfluidic chip is connected to the outside by inputs and outputs passing through the chip. Objective: This review includes the current progress in the field of microfluidic chips, their advantages and their biomedical applications in diagnosis. Methods: The various manuscripts were collected in the field of microfluidic chip that have biomedical applications from the different sources like Pubmed,Science direct and Google Scholar, out of which some were relevant and considered for the present manuscript. Results: Microfluidic channels inside the chip allow for the processing of the fluid, such as blending and physicochemical reactions. Aside from its practical, technological, and physical benefits, microscale fluidic circuits also improve researchers' capacity to do more accurate quantitative measurements while researching biological systems. Microfluidic chips, a developing type of biochip, were primarily focused on miniaturising analytical procedures, especially to enhance analyte separation. Since then, the procedures for device construction and operation have gotten much simpler. Conclusion: For bioanalytical operations, microfluidic technology has many advantages. As originally intended, a micro total analysis system might be built using microfluidic devices to integrate various functional modules (or operational units) onto a single platform. More researchers were able to design, produce, and use microfluidic devices because of increased accessibility, which quickly demonstrated the probability of wide-ranging applicability in all branches of biology.