Herbal Remedies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus- An explicit Review

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Herbal remedies have been explored as alternative or adjunctive therapies for managing T2DM due to their perceived safety and potential antidiabetic properties. Aim: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive examination of the current state of knowledge regarding herbal remedies for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). It explored bioactive compounds in herbs implicated in glycemic control and evaluated their potential therapeutic effects on T2DM from both traditional and contemporary perspectives. Objective: The primary objectives of this in-depth study included scrutinizing the literature on herbal interventions for T2DM, identifying and evaluating the bioactive compounds in herbs implicated in glycemic control, assessing the mechanisms of action responsible for their antidiabetic properties, and investigating the safety profile and potential side effects associated with their use. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles published up to the present date, including peer-reviewed research articles, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, were considered for inclusion in this review. Results and Discussion: The review presented a thorough analysis of herbal remedies commonly associated with T2DM management. Reductions in HbA1c levels and fasting blood glucose concentrations indicated that the investigated herbal medicines, including fenugreek, cinnamon, and bitter melon, have shown potential results in improving glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes but more study is needed to verify their safety & effectiveness. The safety profile and possible adverse effects of herbal interventions are also addressed. While some herbs show promise in glycemic control, caution is advised in their use due to the limited number of high-quality clinical trials. The findings highlight the need for further research to validate the efficacy and safety of herbal remedies for T2DM. Conclusion: The study provided valuable insights into the current understanding of herbal interventions for T2DM and underscored the importance of continued research in this field for the development of evidence-based therapeutic approaches.