Affiliation:
1. School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to overcome the growing antibiotic resistance. Moreover,
the new series of emodin alkyl azoles were synthesized.
Method:
The novel emodin alkyl azoles were synthesized using commercial emodin and azoles by
alkylation. The NMR and HRMS spectra were employed to confirm the structures of novel prepared
compounds. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the prepared emodin compounds
were studied by the 96-well plate method. The binding behavior between emodin 4-nitro
imidazole compound 3c and S. aureus DNA was researched using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
Furthermore, fluorescence spectrometry was used to explore the interaction with human
serum albumin (HSA).
Results:
The in vitro antimicrobial results displayed that compound 3c gave relatively strong activities
with MIC values of 4−16 μg/mL. Notably, this compound exhibited 2-fold more potent activity
against S. aureus (MIC = 4 μg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 8 μg/mL) strains than clinical drug Chloromycin
(MIC = 8 and 16 μg/mL). The UV-vis absorption spectroscopy showed that 4-nitro imidazole
emodin 3c could form the 3c-DNA complex by intercalating into S. aureus DNA, inhibiting
antimicrobial activities. The simulation results displayed that the emodin 3c and DNA complex
were formed by hydrogen bonds. The spectral experiment demonstrated that compound 3c could be
transported by human serum albumin (HSA) via hydrogen bonds. The molecular simulation found
that the hydroxyl group and the nitroimidazole ring of the emodin compound showed an important
role in transportation behavior.
Conclusion:
This work may supply useful directions for the exploration of novel antimicrobial
agents.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.