Micellar Catalyst

Abstract

Self-aggregates microenvironment affords a robust platform for synthesizing conventional and novel materials in aqueous media. Consequential enhanced the rate of reaction and reduced the barrier for organic solvents. A solvent is frequently asked to perform multiple tasks at once, such as ensuring contacts between substrates with different polarities, controlling heat transmission, and promoting the interaction that results in the ultimate transformation. Nature has chosen water as a solvent to carry out all types of chemical transformations, regardless of whether the substrates are soluble or not. Of course, surfactants resolve the various problems that arise from the interaction of insoluble substrates and reagents. The use of surfactants under micellar conditions represents one of the largest methods to achieve catalysis in water. To date, micellar systems are present in many areas, e.g., medical science, nanoscience, organochemistry and industries of their vast application. We explained the role of micelles and vesicles on the reactivity of nucleophiles towards the cleavage of the organophosphorus compounds. Recent developments include application of micellar catalysis to complex single-phase and multiphase systems in which the surfactant plays multiple roles and interphase transport effects are often important. The distribution of the reagents between the aqueous phase and the micellar phase was described in terms of a simple pseudo-phase model (PPM). These quantitative treatments for the catalytic action of anionic reactants and the cationic micelles for cleaving the phosphate and thiophosphate ester improved an understanding of competitive counterion binding, the effects of reactive and inert solubilizates, functionalized surfactants, and the use of surfactant aggregates as reaction templates.