Affiliation:
1. Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Asatana, Kazakhstan
2. Corporate Fund “University Medical Center”, Astana, Kazakhstan
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease requires comprehensive management strategies to
ensure patient survival and improve quality of life. Kidney transplantation remains the
preferred treatment option, offering superior long-term outcomes. However, graft rejection
remains a significant concern, and pediatric patients often require tailored immunosuppressive
regimens due to differences in immune response compared to adults. Although
the past decade has seen significant improvements in graft and patient survival
among pediatric kidney transplant recipients, many questions remain unanswered. There
is an ongoing search for non-invasive biomarkers capable of timely detecting graft rejection
and novel treatment regimens, specifically tailored to pediatric practice. This review
aims to discuss the current knowledge on kidney transplant rejection in pediatric patients,
including epidemiology, pathophysiology, and risk factors. In addition, it seeks to
explore the latest advancements in biomarkers for early detection of rejection and evaluate
current and emerging immunosuppressive therapies. The possible outcomes of this
review include identifying gaps in current research, providing recommendations for future
studies, and suggesting strategies to enhance clinical practice. By synthesizing the
latest evidence, this review aims to contribute to improved long-term outcomes and quality
of life for pediatric kidney transplant recipients.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.