Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ,
Brazil
2. Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
Abstract
Abstract:
Glioblastoma (GBM) stands as the most aggressive and lethal among the main types of
primary brain tumors. It exhibits malignant growth, infiltrating the brain tissue, and displaying resistance
toward treatment. GBM is a complex disease characterized by high degrees of heterogeneity.
During tumour growth, microglia and astrocytes, among other cells, infiltrate the tumour microenvironment
and contribute extensively to gliomagenesis. Tumour-associated macrophages
(TAMs), either of peripheral origin or representing brain-intrinsic microglia, are the most numerous
nonneoplastic populations in the tumour microenvironment in GBM. The complex heterogeneous
nature of GBM cells is facilitated by the local inflammatory tumour microenvironment,
which mostly induces tumour aggressiveness and drug resistance. The immunosuppressive tumour
microenvironment of GBM provides multiple pathways for tumour immune evasion, contributing
to tumour progression. Additionally, TAMs and astrocytes can contribute to tumour progression
through the release of cytokines and activation of signalling pathways. In this review, we summarize
the role of the microenvironment in GBM progression, focusing on neuroinflammation. These
recent advancements in research of the microenvironment hold the potential to offer a promising
approach to the treatment of GBM in the coming times.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Cited by
5 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献