Interleukin-2 and Oncolytic Virotherapy: A New Perspective in Cancer Therapy

Author:

Shiri Aghbash Parisa12,Rasizadeh Reyhaneh12,Yari Amir Hossein13,Lahouti Shiva23,MotieGhader Habib34,Nahand Javid Sadri5,Entezari-Maleki Taher67,Baghi Hossein Bannazadeh125

Affiliation:

1. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

2. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

3. Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

4. Department of Health Ecosystem, Medical Faculty, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey

5. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

6. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

7. Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Abstract: By triggering immune responses in malignancies that have generally been linked to poor outcomes, immunotherapy has recently shown effectiveness. On the other hand, tumors provide an environment for cells that influence the body’s immunity against cancer. Malignant cells also express large amounts of soluble or membrane-bound ligands and immunosuppressive receptors. In this regard, the combination of oncolytic viruses with pro-inflammatory or inflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, can be a potential therapy for some malignancies. Indeed, oncolytic viruses cause the death of cancerous cells and destroy the tumor microenvironment. They result in the local release of threat signals and antigens associated with tumors. As a result, it causes lymphocyte activity and the accumulation of antigenpresenting cells which causes them to accumulate in the tumor environment and release cytokines and chemokines. In this study, we reviewed the functions of IL-2 as a crucial type of inflammatory cytokine in triggering immune responses, as well as the effect of its release and increased expression following combination therapy with oncolytic viruses in the process of malignant progression, as an essential therapeutic approach that should be taken into consideration going forward.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Cancer Research,Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine

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