Age Related Senescence, Apoptosis, and Inflammation Profiles in Periodontal Ligament Cells from Canine Teeth

Author:

Zayed Mohammed1ORCID,Iohara Koichiro2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt | Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan

2. Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan

Abstract

Objective: The periapical tissues including periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) are playing an important role in repairing the surrounding tissue of the teeth. A decrease in the regenerative potentiality of resident stem cells (PDLCs) has been suggested to be attributed to the decline of pulp regeneration. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the functional changes in periodontal tissue and cells that occur during the aging process. Methods: The changes in the cementum extract (CE) and PDLCs isolated from young and aged dog teeth were evaluated. PDLCs growth rate, senescence markers, p16 and p21, and proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were analyzed by RT-PCR. Bax, an apoptosis marker, Bcl-2, a marker for cell survival, and IL-6 were examined by Western blot analyses to detect their variance expression in the CE. Results: Our results demonstrated that aged PDLCs exhibit low growth rate and an increased expression of p16, however, no change has been demonstrated in the expression of p21. The chronic inflammatory molecules, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly upregulated compared to young PDLCs. Western blot analyses showed decreased expression of Bcl-2 in the CE of the aged tooth (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Taken together, aging influences the functional changes of PDLCs and CE and increases senescence, chronic inflammation, and apoptosis markers. As a result, donor age is a key factor influencing the utilization of PDLCs for tooth regeneration.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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