Current Status of Alzheimer’s Disease and Pathological Mechanisms Investigating the Therapeutic Molecular Targets

Author:

Kumar Manish1ORCID,Bagga Shivani1

Affiliation:

1. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India

Abstract

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a psychological, biological, or developmental disorder that affects basic mental functioning. AD is generally affiliated with marked discomfort and impaired social, professional, or other crucial aspects of life. AD is predominant worldwide, but a disparity in prevalence is observed amongst nations. Around 3/4 of people with Alzheimer's disease are from underdeveloped nations, which receive only 1/10th of global mental health resources. Residents of each community and age category share their presence in the overall load of AD. AD is a multifactorial disease impacted by numerous environmental, genetic, and endogenous elements. Heteromorphic interactive downstream cascades, networks, and molecular mechanisms (inflammation and immune network, cholinergic deficit, lipid transit, endocytosis, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, amyloid and tau pathology, energy metabolism, neuron and synapse loss, and cell death) have been isolated, imparting a non-dissociative contribution in pathogenesis of AD. In the CNS, the structural organization of cholinergic neurons can give a novel insight into the mechanism of new learning. The alleviation of central cholinergic transposal following destruction in the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons precipitates a decline in neurocognitive symptoms visible in AD patients. The brain of patients suffering from AD exhibits plaques of aggregated amyloid-β and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Amyloid-β triggers cholinergic loss by modulation of calcium and generation of cell-damaging molecules such as nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species intermediates. The present review focuses on the pathogenic mechanisms related to stages, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches involved in AD.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biochemistry

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3