Manoalide

Abstract

Manoalide is a potent analgesic and antiinflammatory sesterterpene isolated in 1980 from a marine sponge. The antiinflammatory activity of manoalide is due to inhibition of PLA₂ , through irreversible binding to several lysine residues. The binding is realized by means of the two masked aldehyde functions present in the polar part of manoalide of the two aldehyde groups, only that present in they-hydroxybutenolide ring seems to be essential, since cacospongionolides, naturally occurring analogues lacking the second masked aldehyde group, were also shown to be irreversible PLA₂ inhibitors. </p> <p> It appears that the minimum structural requirement for exhibiting manoalide-like PLA₂ inhibition would be the presence in the inhibitor of functional groups able to seize the amino groups of PLA₂ lysine residues with formation of stable covalent bonds. </p> <p> Many manoalide analogues have been isolated from marine sponges, most of them sharing PLA₂ inhibitory properties. Other interesting bioactivities have also been reported for some of these compounds. </p>