Gamma Secretase Inhibitor: Therapeutic Target via NOTCH Signaling in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Author:

Kaushik Bhupendra1,Pal Dilipkumar2ORCID,Saha Supriyo3

Affiliation:

1. New Product Development (R&D) Leader, 42, Kenneth road, RM6 6LL, London, United Kingdom

2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, C.G., 495009, India

3. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248161, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a diseased condition of bone marrow and lymphoblast, mainly expressed on T-cell immune phenotype. Diagnosis of TALL patients shows the burden of a large tumour and leukemia cells in the peripheral blood vessel which often infiltrates into the central nervous system. Objective: Chemotherapy is considered the primary mode of treatment for this disease, but recent advancements in the molecular understanding of the disease, including NOTCH1 signaling, could offer some alternatives. NOTCH signaling undergoes a non-regulated mutation at NOTCH1 in most T-ALL. Gamma-secretase (GS) plays a key role in blocking of proteolytic activation of NOTCH receptors, which could potentially be a new targeted therapy for this type of leukaemia. This study mainly aims to outline the role of γ-secretase inhibitors via NOTCH signaling in TALL. Results: The role of GSI (γ-secretase inhibitor) in most T-ALL cell lines has been linked to the targeting pathway of NOTCH signaling. Mutation at NOTCH1 has however not served as a predictor of γ-secretase inhibitor sensitivity because of several factors, including gene expression of NOTCH pathway activity. Therefore, despite the promising outcome of this approach in NOTCH-1 activated T-ALL, not all patients with this condition are expected to respond. Conclusion: Long-term therapeutic success against cancerous cells is rarely achieved with monotherapy, and even targeting investigational pathways such as NOTCH may require a combination regimen. Ultimately, the optimised use of these new therapeutic agents may become the next tool in our search for an effective ‘individualized medicine’.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Clinical Biochemistry,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine

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