Controlling Obesity and Hypertension: Policies Oriented towards Behavior Change

Abstract

Background Hypertension and obesity are emerging as significant non-communicable disease threats that can be addressed through behavioral changes. Objective This research aimed to develop policies to control hypertension and obesity among secondary school teachers. Methods A qualitative research approach using a descriptive study design was employed involving 21 research participants. Data were collected through interviews and observations, and height and weight measurements were taken to determine the body mass index. Five thematic areas were explored: 1) snack consumption, 2) sleep habits, 3) family health history, 4) exercise habits, and 5) health complaints in the last 6 months. Information obtained from participants was assessed for validity, guided by a logical, participant-centered theoretical framework. Thematic analysis was conducted for data analysis. Results This study has revealed a trend among the participants, i.e., 10 study participants were with systolic blood pressure exceeding 139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure exceeding 90 mmHg. Fifteen participants were classified as obese, while 2 participants were categorized as overweight. Consumption of fried snacks emerged as the most common unhealthy dietary pattern among most of the participants. Unhealthy dietary patterns, such as consumption of fried snacks, and health problems, including hypertension, obesity, and musculoskeletal complaints, contribute to the risk of non-communicable diseases in the school teacher population. Conclusion Adopting preventive measures and a healthy lifestyle are essential to reduce health problems.