Assessment of Effect of Intra-pocket Delivery of Metronidazole Loaded NTrimethyl Quaternary Ammonium Chitosan Nanoparticles in Treatment of Periodontal Disease

Abstract

Background: Conventional drugs like metronidazole for periodontitis has shown several drawbacks. So based on in-vitro and acute toxicity study of metronidazole loaded n-trimethyl quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (NTMET NPs), animal studies was carried out to proof enhancement of activities over periodontitis. Objectives: To assess the effect of nanoparticles through an intra-pocket drug delivery on body weight, food consumption, clinical signs, gingival index, tooth mobility, inflammatory changes in periodontal tissues, and serum analysis that leads into gingival damage, connective tissues and alveolar bone resorption. Method: P. gingivalis and ligature induced periodontitis model was used to evaluate the effect of drug in rats. Results: periodontitis was successfully induced by using P. gingivalis and ligature induced periodontitis model in rats. It reflect elevated gingival index, tooth mobility, inflammatory changes in tissues, IL-6, TNF- ɑ, and IL -1β when compared to control group and NTMET NPs treated groups. It was also observed that the damage caused to gingival tissues and resorption of alveolar bone was improved by using NTMET NPs. Conclusion: Based on present findings, we can conclude that NTMET NPs at a dose of 1.8 & 3.6 mg/ml has significant action on periodontal tissues and was able to reverse the effect of P. gingivalis as well as gingival damage and tooth mobility in rats at an administered dose, which are comparable to the IC50 value of a drug. The findings of the current study provide scientific preclinical data to support its clinical use for periodontitis via intra pocket drug delivery route.