Review on Pyrazole Hybrids as Anti-microbial Agents

Abstract

Abstract: A five-membered heteroaromatic ring with two nitrogen atoms, pyrazole, is of immense significance. Pyrazole and its derivatives are well-known nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that are significant in medicinal chemistry and have a variety of biological properties, according to a thorough analysis of this class of heterocyclic lead. This article summarises some biologically active, potent pyrazole hybrids and their structure-activity relationship for antimicrobial activity published by various researchers across the world. It is divided into two sections. The first part summarizes recent developments in pyrazole derivatives for various biological activities, such as anti-Alzheimer’s, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral, while the second section focuses on a detailed substitution analysis of pyrazole with its hybrid, which is the structure-activity relationship needed for antimicrobial activity. The presence of pharmacological potential of pyrazole moiety has been demonstrated by the role of a nucleus in pharmacological agents from different therapeutic groups, such as the potent anti-inflammatory agent celecoxib, anti-obesity drug rimonabant, analgesic diphenamizole, H2-receptor agonist betazole, and antidepressant agent fezolamide. The design of new pyrazole derivatives has become an interesting research area due to their versatile nature and biological significance. Moreover, it has been observed that pyrazole in combination with another moiety has a strong potent antimicrobial effect.