Assessment of Posterior Segment Using Spectral Domain OCT in Highly Myopic Eyes

Abstract

Purpose: Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) was used to evaluate retinal and vitreo-retinal changes that occur in highly myopic patients. Methods: This prospective study included 472 eyes of 472 patients suffering from high myopia (> -6.00 D), between May 2012 and December 2015. All patients were examined, using Cirrus HD OCT (Zeiss Cirrus TM HD-OCT model 4000), to detect any retinal or vitreo-retinal interface abnormalities. All obtained data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 17 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) and the paired two-sided t-test. Bivariate correlations were performed between different parameters using the Spearman correlation coefficient (r). Results: Mean spherical equivalent (MSE) was -13.11± 4.35D. Mean axial length (AL) was 28.5±1.62 mm. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was the most frequent OCT finding; representing 33.4% of the cases, 13.7% of them were associated with macular traction. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between AL and MTM, full thickness macular hole, PVD with traction, and dome shaped macula (r = 0.49 and P = 0.001, r = 0.422 and P = 0.0001, r = 0.25 and P = 0.03, r=0.475, P=0.001 respectively) Conclusion: OCT is a valuable tool in detecting retinal and vitreo-retinal interface abnormalities in highly myopic eyes, and it can be used for follow up of those patients to avoid advanced retinal damage.