Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
Abstract
Vesicular systems have many advantages like prolonging the existence of the drug in the
systemic circulation, minimizing the undesirable side-effects and helping the active moieties to
reach their target sites using the carriers. However, the main drawback related to transdermal delivery
is to cross stratum corneum, which can be overcome by the utilization of novel carrier systems
e.g., transfersomes, which are ultra-deformable carrier systems composed of phospholipid (phosphatidylcholine)
and edge activators (surfactants). Edge activators are responsible for the flexibility
of the bilayer membranes of transfersomes. Different edge activators used in transfersomes include
tween, span, bile salts (sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate) and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate.
These activators decrease the interfacial tension, thereby, increasing the deformability of the carrier
system. Transfersomes can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs into a vesicular
structure, which consists of one or more concentric bilayers. Due to the elastic nature of transfersomes,
they can easily cross the natural physiological barriers i.e., skin and deliver the drug to its
active site. The main benefit of using transfersomes as a carrier is the delivery of macromolecules
through the skin by non-invasive route thereby increasing the patient’s compliance. The transfersomal
formulations can be used in the treatment of ocular diseases, alopecia, vulvovaginal candidiasis,
osteoporosis, atopic dermatitis, tumor, leishmaniasis. It is also used in the delivery of growth
hormones, anaesthesia, insulin, proteins, and herbal drugs. This review also focuses on the patents
and clinical studies for various transfersomal products.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Cited by
12 articles.
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