Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Gastrointestinal Health: A Mini Review Article

Abstract

Introduction:: Intermittent fasting (IF) is a popular topic in the medical and fitness fields because it helps reduce weight, improve metabolic health, and protect against diseases. In this short review, we summarized some of the current aspects of IF in relation to the gastrointestinal tract and highlighted the knowledge gap that may outline possible future research in this field. Methods:: The PubMed database was used to conduct narrative research of studies related to humans and mice regarding IF and its effect on five different aspects. Results:: First, the studies reported conflicting results; some supported the role of IF in promoting weight loss, while others concluded that the intervention, rather than IF itself, leads to weight reduction. Second, IF was shown to positively affect secretory immunoglobulin A, cell regeneration, and the gut microbiome. Third, IF was shown to improve the immune response. Fourth, IF was shown to promote stem cell-based regeneration; fifth, studies showed that IF has no effect on gastric or stool pH levels. We also mentioned normal gut motility and the migrating motor complex. Conclusion:: In conclusion, these results suggest that IF has a positive effect on these different aspects, even though there is a lack of human trials, which would be a fruitful area for further studies.