Affiliation:
1. BioNome Pvt. Ltd. Department of Bioinformatics Bengaluru India
Abstract
Background:
In the realm of diabetes research, considerable attention has been
directed toward elucidating the intricate interplay between the gastrointestinal tract and glucose
regulation. The gastrointestinal tract, once exclusively considered for its role in digestion and
nutrient assimilation, is presently acknowledged as a multifaceted ecosystem with regulatory
supremacy over metabolic homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Recent studies indicate that
alterations in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota could potentially influence
the regulation of glucose levels and glucose homeostasis in the body. Dysbiosis, characterized
by perturbations in the equilibrium of gut microbial constituents, has been irrevocably linked to
an augmented risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, research has revealed the potential
influence of the gut microbiota on important factors, like inflammation and insulin sensitivity,
which are key contributors to the onset and progression of diabetes. The key protagonists
implicated in the regulation of glucose encompass the gut bacteria, gut barrier integrity, and the
gut-brain axis. A viable approach to enhance glycemic control while concurrently mitigating the
burden of comorbidities associated with diabetes resides in the strategic manipulation of the gut
environment through adapted dietary practices.
Objective:
This review aimed to provide a deep understanding of the complex relationship
between gut health, glucose metabolism, and diabetes treatment.
Conclusion:
This study has presented an exhaustive overview of dietary therapies and
functional foods that have undergone extensive research to explore their potential advantages in
the management of diabetes. It looks into the role of gut health in glucose regulation, discusses
the impact of different dietary elements on the course of diabetes, and evaluates how well
functional foods can help with glycemic control. Furthermore, it investigates the mechanistic
aspects of these therapies, including their influence on insulin sensitivity, β-cell activity, and
inflammation. It deliberates on the limitations and potential prospects associated with
integrating functional foods into personalized approaches to diabetes care.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism