Affiliation:
1. Brazilian National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology, 90160-030 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Abstract
Background:
Dating of ballpoint pen manuscripts in forensic documents is still a challenge
for experts. Methods of ink dating consider solvent evaporation through time, especially 2-
phenoxyethanol (2-PE).
Objective:
The objective of the researchers was to perform a continued study with pen ink strokes
of ballpoint pens commercialized in Brazil, to characterize the ageing profile of 15 brands of blue
and black pens.
Methods:
Solvent composition analysis of ballpoint pen ink lines written in white and recycled
paper was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, to quantify 2-PE, in recently
written lines and in lines aged 4, 18, 27 and 36 months.
Results:
The results showed that the pens had initial quantities of 2-PE smaller than in the Europe
despite of having similar ageing behavior. Such kind of paper had more influence on aged pen
strokes than in the recently applied pen strokes. Light and heat accelerated ageing. Some pens
stopped ageing at 18, 27 and 36 months.
Conclusion:
The results obtained were promising for elucidation of the ageing behavior of pen ink
lines in tropical weather, but further statistical treatments could be done to adequate interpretation
in real cases.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
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