Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Background: Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. Objective: This study was intended to investigate antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). Methods: The KM extract was obtained through a sequence of operations, including centrifugation for cell isolation, precipi-tation with potassium citrate/ sodium metabisulfite, and recovery and purification. Its antioxidant, growth inhibition, macro-phage mitogenic, and toxic activities were evaluated for its future use in the biomedical field. Results: Significantly inhibitory effects of KM were obtained on reactive species. It showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with no toxic effects on HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). The in vitro model of CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines did not show the cytotoxic and genotoxic of KM. Also, it enhanced macrophage activity in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and viabil-ity. No sign of acute toxicity was found in BALB/c mice, and body weight remained unchanged in guinea pigs over three months. Conclusion: Comprehensive biological evaluations in this study are expected to expand the potential of KM as a natural material.