Threaded Bone Expanders in Implantology: A literature review

Abstract

In the field of implantology, we require numerous surgical instruments and specialized kits for cases where the available bone lacks ideal quantity and quality. Threaded bone expanders are among the specialized tools with broad applications that can address issues related to bone deficiency or density. This research aimed to provide a thorough review of threaded bone expanders, encompassing their historical use, types, mechanism of action, and clinical applications in the context of dental implants. An internet search was conducted on the internet using search, engines such as Google, Research Gate, PubMed, and PubMed Central. The search utilized keywords including Bone expander, Bone Spreader, Bone condenser, Screw-type expander, and Threaded bone expander. Out of the initial 96 articles identified in the search, 29 studies met the inclusion criteria established for this review. Two reviewers independently conducted the evaluation of eligibility and data extraction. Threaded bone expanders are essential tools in the field of implant dentistry, particularly in cases where the available bone lacks ideal density and quantity. These versatile tools are successfully used in procedures, such as bone expansion, bone splitting, Transalveolar sinus lift, implant bed preparation, and bone density enhancement.